: A frog hopping on lily pads. Its next jump depends only on which pad it is currently standing on, not how it arrived there.
Martingales, potential theory, and an introduction to Brownian motion. Practical Applications markov chains jr norris pdf
Norris emphasizes that Markov chains are not just theoretical; they are powerful tools for modeling real-world phenomena: Markov Chains - Cambridge University Press & Assessment : A frog hopping on lily pads
At the heart of Norris’s work is the , often described as "memorylessness". This principle states that the future state of a process depends solely on its current state, not on the sequence of events that preceded it. not how it arrived there. Martingales
Q-matrices, Poisson processes, birth-death processes, and forward/backward equations.